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彈簧材質

High Carbon Spring Wire

Material
Music Wire
ASTM A 228
Hard Drawn
ASTM A 277
High Tensile
Hard Drawn
ASTM A 679
Oil Tempered
ASTM A 229
Carbon Valve
ASTM A 230
Nominal Analysis
C -- .70 - 1.00%
Mn -- .20 - 60%
C -- .45 - .85%
Mn -- .60 - 1.30%
C -- .65 - 1.00%
Mn -- .20 - 1.30%
C -- .55 - .85%
Mn -- .60 - 1.20%
C -- .60 - .75%
Mn -- .60 - .90%
Minimum Tensile Strength
230-399
CLI 147-283
CLII 171-324
238-350
CLI 165-293
CLII 191-324
215-240
Modulus of Elasticity E
psi x 103
30
30
30
30
30
Design Stress % Minimum
Tensile
45
40
45
45
45
Modulus in Torsion
G psi x 106
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5
Maximum Temp. °F
250
250
250
250
250
Maximum Temp. °C
121
121
121
121
121
Rockwell Hardness
C41-60
C31-52
C41-60
C42-55
C45-49
Method of Manufacture
Chief Uses
Special Properties
Cold drawn. High and uniform tensile. High quality springs and wire forms.
Cold drawn. Average stress applications. Lower cost springs and wire forms.
Cold drawn. Higher quality springs and wire forms.
Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication, General purpose spring wire.
Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication. Suitable for cyclic applications.
General. High-carbon spring steels are the most commonly used of all springs materials. Try to use these materials in preference to others because they are the?least expensive, readily available, easily worked, and most popular. These materials are not satisfactory for high or low temperatures or for shock or impact loading.

 

 

Alloy Steel Wire/Stainless Steel Wire

 

Alloy Steel Wire Stainless Steel Wire
Material Chrome Vanadium
ASTM A 231		 Chrome Silicon
ASTM A 401		 AISI 302/304
ASTM A 313		 AISI 316
ASTM A 313		 17-7 PH
ASTM A 313 (631)
Nominal Analysis C -- .48 - .53%
Cr -- .80 - 1.10%
V -- .15 min%		 C -- .51 - .59%
Cr -- .60 - .80%
Si -- 1.20 - 1.60%		 Cr -- 17.0 - 19.0%
Ni -- 8.0 - 10.0%		 Cr -- 16.0 - 18.0%
Ni -- 10.0 - 14.0%
Mo -- 2.0 - 3.0%		 Cr -- 16.0 - 18.0%
Ni -- 6.5 - 7.5%
Al -- .75 - 1.5%
Minimum Tensile Strength 190-300 235-300 125-325 110-245 Cond CH
235-335
Modulus of Elasticity E
psi x 103		 30 30 28 28 29.5
Design Stress % Minimum
Tensile		 45 45 30-40 40 45
Modulus in Torsion
G psi x 106		 11.5 11.5 10 10 11
Maximum Temp. °F 425 475 550 550 650
Maximum Temp. °C 218.5 246 288 288 343
Rockwell Hardness C41-55 C48-55 C35-45 C35-45 C38-57
Method of Manufacture
Chief Uses
Special Properties		 Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication. Used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperature. Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication. Used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperature. Cold drawn, general purpose, corrosion and heat resistant. Magnetic in spring temper. Cold drawn. Heat resistant and better corrosion resistance than 302. Magnetic in spring temper. Cold drawn & precipitation hardened after fabrication. High strength and general purpose corrosion resistance. Slightly magnetic in spring temper.
General. The alloy spring steels have a definite place in the field of spring materials, particularly for conditions involving high stress and for applications where shock or impact loading occurs. Alloy spring steels also can withstand higher and lower temperatures than the high-carbon steels and are obtainable in either the annealed or pre tempered conditions. Note: These materials are not regularly stocked in a wide variety of sizes.
General. The use of stainless spring steels has increased considerably in recent years. Several new compositions are now available to withstand corrosion. All of these materials can be used for high temperatures up to 650°F.

Non-Ferrous Alloy Wire

Material Phosphor Bronze
Grade A
ASTM B 159		 Beryllium Copper
ASTM B 197		 Monel 400
AMS 7233		 Monel 400
AMS 7233
Nominal Analysis Cu -- 94.0% - 96.0%
Sn -- 4.0 - 6.0%		 Cu -- 98.0%
Be -- 2.0%		 Ni -- 66.0%
Cu -- 31.5%
C/Fe		 Ni -- 65.0%
Cu -- 29.5%
C/Fe/A/Ti
Minimum Tensile Strength 105-145 150-230 145-180 160-200
Modulus of Elasticity E
psi x 103		 15 18.5 26 26
Design Stress % Minimum
Tensile		 40 45 40 40
Modulus in Torsion
G psi x 106		 6.25 7.0 9.5 9.5
Maximum Temp. °F 200 400 450 550
Maximum Temp. °C 93.8 204 232 288
Rockwell Hardness B98-104 C35-42 C23-32 C23-35
Method of Manufacture
Chief Uses
Special Properties		 Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Cold drawn and may be mill hardened before fabrication. Good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. High physicals. Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperature. Excellent corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperature.
General. Copper-base alloys are important spring materials because of their good electrical properties combined with their excellent resistance to corrosion. Although these materials are more expensive than the high-carbon and the alloy steels, they nevertheless are frequently used in electrical components and in subzero temperatures. All copper-base alloys are drawn to the American wire gage (same as Brown & Sharpe gage) and are nonmagnetic.
c
High-Temperature Alloy Wire

Material A 286 Alloy Inconel 600
QQ-W-390		 Inconel 718 Inconel X-750
AMS 5698, 5699
Nominal Analysis Ni -- 26.0%
Cr -- 15.0%
Fe -- 53.0%		 Ni -- 76.0%
Cr -- 15.8%
Fe -- 7.2%		 Ni -- 52.5%
Cr -- 18.6%
Fe -- 18.5%		 Inconel X-750
AMS 5698,5699
Minimum Tensile Strength 160-200 170-230 210-2500 No.IT 155 min.
Spg.T 190-230
Modulus of Elasticity E
psi x 103		 29 31 29 31
Design Stress % Minimum
Tensile		 35 40 40 40
Modulus in Torsion
G psi x 106		 10.4 11.0 11.2 12
Maximum Temp. °F 950 700 1100 750-1100
Maximum Temp. °C 510 371 593 399-593
Rockwell Hardness C35-42 C35-45 C45-50 C34-39
C42-48
Method of Manufacture
Chief Uses
Special Properties		 Cold drawn and precipitation hardened after fabrication. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature. Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature. Cold drawn and precipitation hardened after fabrication. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature. Cold drawn and precipitation hardened after fabrication. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature.

General. Nickel-based alloys are especially useful spring materials to combat corrosion and to withstand both elevated and below-zero temperature application. Their nonmagnetic characteristic is important for such devices as gyroscopes, chronoscopes, and indicating instruments. These materials have high electrical resistance and should not be used for conductors of electrical current.


Flat High-Carbon Spring Steels

General. Although several types of thin flat strip are obtainable for specific applications in watches, clocks and certain instruments, only two types are readily available. These two compositions are used for over 95% of all applications requiring flat high-carbon strip. Although these materials are frequently plated, sections under 0.015" having carbon content over 0.85 with hardness over Rockwell C47 are highly susceptible to hydrogen-embrittlement even though special plating and beating operations are employed. (Properties are not displayed).

資料參考

1.http://www.planetspring.com/pages/properties-of-common-spring-materials-high-temperature-springs.php

 
 

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